What I pack when the temperature drops and the wind starts to bite.

Cold nights are honest teachers. The gear that survives a sub-zero morning earns its place — and it's rarely the most expensive piece.

Sleeping system

I run a -7°C down bag inside a four-season tent with a 6 mm closed-cell foam mat and an inflatable R-value 4 above it. Two sleeping pads sounds excessive until you've shivered through a night without them.

Heat

A small gas lantern does double duty: light and a touch of warmth right before bed. I never use it inside the tent while sleeping.

Clothes I'd never skip

Stay warm, write more.